Dyslexia is a specific learning disorder that primarily affects individuals who struggle with reading, writing, and spelling in ways that do not align with their intellectual potential, age, or educational opportunities.
A child with dyslexia typically lacks fluency and speed in reading and struggles with processing written language. Additionally, they may find it difficult to memorize names, dates, historical facts, linguistic rules, and spelling patterns due to a weak “visual lexicon”—the absence of photographic memory. However, children with dyslexia often display remarkable creativity and problem-solving abilities.
The diagnosis of dyslexia is based on a thorough assessment of the individual’s intellectual ability while also ruling out other disorders. Additionally, it is essential to consider whether the individual’s environment is rich or lacking in sociocultural stimuli.